Explaining the difference between over-the-counter retinol and prescription retinol

In the world of dermatology retinol - or vitamin A has long been considered a sacred ingredient. It is one of the most powerful skin care products available and its benefits such as increased cell turnover, improved appearance of pores, treatment and improvement of signs of aging and the fight against acne - backed by science. 

Dermatologists often prescribe retinoids, a powerful vitamin A derivative, to treat acne or signs of photoaging such as fine lines and wrinkles. You can also find forms of the ingredient in over-the-counter products. So what's the difference between the retinol products you can find in the store and the retinoids that must be prescribed by a doctor? We consulted with Dr. Shari Sperling, a New Jersey board certified dermatologist to find out. 

What is the difference between over-the-counter retinol and prescription retinoids?

The short answer is that over-the-counter retinol products are generally not as strong as prescription retinoids. "Differin 0.3 (or adapalene), tazorac (or tazarotene), and retin-A (or tretinoin) are the most common prescription retinoids," says Dr. Sperling. “They are more aggressive and can be annoying.” Note. You may have heard a lot about adapalene moves from prescription to OTC, and this is true for 0.1% strength, but not for 0.3%.

Dr. Sperling says that because of the strength, it usually takes a few weeks to see results with prescription retinoids, while with over-the-counter retinols you have to be more patient. 

So, should you use an over-the-counter retinol or a prescription retinoid? 

Make no mistake, both forms of retinol are effective, and stronger isn't always better, especially if you have sensitive skin. The solution really depends on your skin type, concerns, and skin tolerance level. 

For teens or young adults with acne, Dr. Sperling generally recommends using prescription retinoids because of their effectiveness and because people with oily skin can usually tolerate a stronger dose of the product than people with dry, sensitive skin. “If an older person wants an anti-aging effect with limited dryness and irritation, over-the-counter retinols work well,” she says. 

That said, Dr. Sperling recommends consulting with a dermatologist to determine what is right for your skin type, concerns, and goals. Regardless of which product you use, keep in mind that they make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, so it's important to take care of your sun protection every day. In addition, it is recommended to start with a lower percentage of the ingredient and gradually increase the percentage depending on your skin's tolerance level.  

Our Editors' Favorite OTC Retinols

If you're interested in trying retinols and your dermatologist gives you the green light, here are some great options to consider. Remember that you can always start with an over-the-counter retinol and move up to a stronger retinoid, especially if you don't see the results you want after prolonged use and if your skin can tolerate it. 

SkinCeuticals Retinol 0.3

With just 0.3% pure retinol, this cream is perfect for first-time retinol users. The percentage of retinol is sufficient to be effective in improving the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, acne and pores, but has less potential to cause severe irritation or dryness. 

CeraVe Retinol Repair Serum

This serum is formulated to help reduce the appearance of acne scars and enlarged pores with continued use. In addition to retinol, it contains ceramides, licorice root and niacinamide, this formula also helps to hydrate and brighten the skin.

Gel La Roche-Posay Effaclar Adapalene

For a non-prescription prescription product, try this gel which contains 0.1% adapalene. Recommended for acne treatment. To help combat irritation, try using a moisturizer and follow the instructions for use carefully.

Design: Hanna Packer